Beginner
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Running an accessibility audit and remediation plan
Scope an audit, combine automated and manual testing, record issues against WCAG, and prioritise fixes.
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Complex widgets: comboboxes, grids and accessible charts
Patterns from the ARIA Authoring Practices Guide for comboboxes and data grids, and making charts understandable.
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Automated accessibility testing and its limits
Run axe and Lighthouse, read their results, and know the large share of issues only manual testing finds.
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Testing with a screen reader: NVDA and VoiceOver basics
Start NVDA or VoiceOver, navigate by headings, landmarks and forms, and note what to listen for.
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Accessible media: captions, transcripts and audio description
What WCAG requires for audio and video, writing captions and transcripts, and avoiding autoplay problems.
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Building an accessible modal dialog
Use the dialog element for modals: focus moves in and back, Escape closes, the background is inert.
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Accessible disclosures, accordions and tabs
Build show-hide components and tabs with the right markup, keyboard support and ARIA states.
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Accessible navigation menus and dropdowns
Site navigation and dropdowns that work by keyboard and screen reader, and why app-style menu roles are usually wrong.
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Live regions: announcing dynamic changes
Tell screen reader users about updates such as search results, saved messages and errors with live regions and status roles.
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Motion, animation and vestibular disorders
Why motion can make people unwell, WCAG motion criteria, and implementing prefers-reduced-motion properly.
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Accessibility in single-page apps
Announce route changes, move focus to new content and keep titles updated in client-rendered apps.
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The viewport meta tag and mobile rendering
What the viewport meta tag does, why pages look tiny without it, and settings that harm accessibility.
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Colour contrast and not relying on colour alone
Contrast ratios for text and interface elements, checking them, and showing meaning with more than colour.
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Mobile-first CSS
Write base styles for small screens and enhance for larger ones with min-width queries.
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Keyboard accessibility: focus order and visible focus
Make every control reachable and operable by keyboard, keep a logical focus order, and style focus visibly.
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Media queries: width, orientation and user preferences
Media query syntax, range syntax, and querying user preferences such as dark mode and reduced motion.
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Skip links and focus management
Add skip links, move focus deliberately after actions, and avoid focus traps and lost focus.
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Responsive images: srcset, sizes and picture
Serve the right image size and format for each screen with srcset, sizes and the picture element.
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Accessible names: labels, aria-label and aria-labelledby
How assistive technology names controls, the naming order, and fixing unlabelled icon buttons.
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Fluid typography and spacing with clamp()
Scale type and spacing smoothly between screen sizes with clamp(), and keep text zoomable.